{"id":11602,"date":"2024-07-16T18:08:16","date_gmt":"2024-07-16T22:08:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/?p=11602"},"modified":"2025-08-21T21:33:09","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T01:33:09","slug":"cyanotype-notes-to-myself","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/2024\/07\/cyanotype-notes-to-myself\/","title":{"rendered":"Cyanotype&#8230;notes to myself"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>I wrote this post while I was experimenting with cyanotype as a way to get people to look more closely at plants. I updated it several times, with the final revision on 21 August 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">(<strong>Updates:<\/strong> 30 May; 12 July 2025; 17 July; 20 July 2025. Final revision, 21 August 2025.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyanotype books<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many of the books on cyanotype available online are self-published. The following two books come from reputable publishers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.taylorfrancis.com\/books\/mono\/10.4324\/9780429441417\/cyanotype-christina-anderson\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Cyanotype: The Blueprint in Contemporary Practice<\/em> by Christina Anderson (Focal Press, 2019),<\/a> covers everything you need to know about cyanotypes \u2014 setting up a &#8220;dim room&#8221;; how to coat your own cyanotype paper; recipes for classic cyanotype, new cyanotype, and other formulas; how to tone prints; and more. Anderson tested over 100 different papers to see which worked best for cyanotype, and there&#8217;s a whole chapter on paper. The last chapter of the book showcases artwork by contemporary cyanotype artists. This is a must-have book.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Cyanotype-Toning-Using-Botanicals-to-Tone-Blueprints-Naturally\/Golaz\/p\/book\/9780367553548\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Cyanotype Toning: Using Botanicals To Tone Blueprints Naturally<\/em> by Annette Golaz (Routledge, 2021)<\/a> is an excellent introduction to toning cyanotypes using plant materials. Aimed at the proficient cyanotype artist, Golaz shows how to achieve a wide range of colors that take you far beyond the typical blue cyanotype.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyanotype supplies<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chemistry<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.jacquardproducts.com\/cyanotype\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jacquard Products sells cyanotype sets<\/a> \u2014 two plastic bottles with cyanotype chemicals that you fill with water, then mix the resulting solutions 1 to 1 when you&#8217;re ready to coat your paper. (I bought mine at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.guildartsupply.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">an independent art supply store<\/a>, and it was super easy to use.) I also bought a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jacquardproducts.com\/cyanotype-kit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jacquard kit which included chemicals, brush, glass plate for contact printing, and some Hahnemuhle Platinum paper<\/a> \u2014 it&#8217;s probably overpriced, but I found the kit helped me get started.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.bostick-sullivan.com\/product-category\/alternative-process-kits\/cyanotype-process\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bostick and Sullivan<\/a> is the major supplier of alternative photographic processes. I have not ordered from them, but they have everything you need for cyanotypes. Other sources for cyanotype chemistry include <a href=\"https:\/\/stores.photoformulary.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Photographer&#8217;s Formulary<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/cyanotypestore.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Cyanotype Store<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/fotospeed.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fotospeed<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Paper<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Finding paper that&#8217;s good for cyanotype can be a challenge, since not only must the paper stand up well to repeated wetting, but the pH of the paper is also important. See Christina Andersons&#8217; book for comprehensive information on papers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One of the inexpensive papers Anderson recommends is <a href=\"https:\/\/us.canson.com\/xl-watercolor-usa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Canson XL Watercolor paper<\/a>. This is currently my go-to paper, and I can recommend it. Widely available at places like Michael&#8217;s and Dick Blick.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Both Anderson and Golaz say Hahnemuhle Sumi-e is an excellent lightweight paper to use in cyanotype. I got mine at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.artmartmaine.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the Art Mart in Portland, Maine<\/a>, which stocks it. Or, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bostick-sullivan.com\/product\/hahnemuhle-sumi-e-paper-11-8x-15-7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Bostick and Sullivan sell Hahnemuhle Sumi-e online.<\/a> It requires gentle handling, but produces beautiful results.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At a week-long summer art workshop, three of us loved <a href=\"https:\/\/fabriano.com\/en\/product\/medioevalis\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Fabriano Medievalis paper.<\/a> It&#8217;s slightly cream-colored, which sets off the Prussian blue of the cyanotype nicely. However, it does not stand up well to toning, or long wash baths.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>I&#8217;ve also used <a href=\"https:\/\/yasutomo.com\/product\/hosho-paper-pad-6h\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Yasutomo &#8220;Sketch,&#8221;<\/a> which produces similar results to Hahnemuhle Sumi-e, but is much less expensive. However, it&#8217;s very fragile in water and tears easily during the developing process \u2014 you can forget about bleaching and toning this paper. If you&#8217;re on a budget and very patient, maybe give it a try.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyanotype in the classroom<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Lawrence Hall of Science sells &#8220;Sunprint Kits&#8221; with 12 pieces of 4 inch square cyanotype paper and a clear acrylic overlay sheet. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sunprints.org\/products\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cost buying direct from them is US$5.99 per kit<\/a> (do not buy from Amazon where the price is <em>higher<\/em>). This cyanotype paper develops quickly and requires little water to develop \u2014 perfect for classroom use. They also sell refill packs of 12 sheets of cyanotype paper for US$3.99, as well as 8-1\/2 by 11 inch cyanotype paper. The kits and refills are ideal for class use \u2014 inexpensive enough to allow people to experiment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>My younger sister the children&#8217;s librarian uses <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dickblick.com\/products\/nature-print-paper\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5&#215;7 inch &#8220;Nature Print&#8221; cyanotype paper from Dick Blick<\/a>. It&#8217;s just as good, but I&#8217;ll stick with the Lawrence Hall of Science paper, because my purchase helps support their science education mission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyanotype websites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Many of the cyanotype websites appear to be &#8220;AI&#8221;-generated slime. Others are too basic (&#8220;Expose the cyanotype paper, put it water, look at the result!&#8221;). But I found the following websites to be worth a look.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyanotypes with plants<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.alternativephotography.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/Free-Cyanotype-Guide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Cyanotype by Angela Chalmers, a PDF,<\/a> gives instructions on making cyanotype photograms using plants. Great ideas, and the author&#8217;s photograms are gorgeous.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.naturettl.com\/how-to-make-flower-cyanotypes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">&#8220;How To Make Cyanotypes of Flowers&#8221; on the Nature TTL website<\/a> includes very useful instructions on a specific form of wet cyanotype process. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A digitized version of <a href=\"https:\/\/nhm.primo.exlibrisgroup.com\/view\/BookReaderViewer\/44NHM_INST\/12190875980002081\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Anna Atkins&#8217;s book of botanical cyanotypes is online at London&#8217;s Natural History Museum website.<\/a> A scholarly article with an analysis of Atkins&#8217;s book from the point of view literary analysis can be found <a href=\"https:\/\/compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/lic3.12708\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Atlas Obscura has samples of a 12 year old&#8217;s botanical cyanotypes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/articles\/botanical-photograph-cyanotype-blueprint-past\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here.<\/a> Educators might find this inspiring.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cyanotype techniques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Toning can alter the bright blue color of cyanotypes. <a href=\"https:\/\/michellevine.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/Toning-Cyanotype-Prints.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jacquard has a guide to toning cyanotypes to produce various colors.<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The &#8220;Koraks Tinkers&#8221; blog has a post pointing out <a href=\"https:\/\/tinker.koraks.nl\/photography\/collimated-vs-diffuse-light-a-cyanotype-example\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the difference between collimated vs. diffuse light when exposing cyanotypes<\/a>. Direct sunlight provides collimated light, while an overcast day provides diffuse light. This difference is less important when making contact prints from a negative, but will produce quite different results with 3-D objects. Cloudy skies = diffuse light, and blurred edges. Clear skies = collimated light, and sharp edges.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">UV light boxes<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A UV light box allows you to expose cyanotypes indoors, or at night. I finally decided not to build a UV light box (no room for one in our tiny apartment), but here&#8217;s some info I collected while researching them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Photographer Steph Coffman has a page on her website detailing <a href=\"https:\/\/www.stephcoffmanphoto.com\/blog\/beginner-indoor-cyanotype-setup\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">how she made a UV light box<\/a> \u2014 inexpensive and effective. A photography teacher from CCSF shows how to make <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=-iOlFAbUGko\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">an even cheaper UV light box<\/a> \u2014 unfortunately, the UV light source she used is no longer available; her video is still worth watching, just to see how she does it. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.alternativephotography.com\/diy-uv-light-boxes-alternative-photography\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Alternative Photography website has instructions for making inexpensive UV boxes<\/a>. Finally, the &#8220;Koraks Tinkers&#8221; blog shows how to <a href=\"https:\/\/tinker.koraks.nl\/photography\/kind-of-blue-a-test-with-uv-leds-for-das-carbon-transfer\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">build your own custom UV light box with an LED array<\/a> \u2014 but you have to be comfortable using soldering irons and test equipment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_6517-768x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"Photogram of two leaves.\" class=\"wp-image-12366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_6517-768x1024.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_6517-225x300.jpeg 225w, https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_6517-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_6517-1200x1600.jpeg 1200w, https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/IMG_6517.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 85vw, (max-width: 909px) 67vw, (max-width: 984px) 61vw, (max-width: 1362px) 45vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Cyanotype of two mullein leaves. The leaves were dampened before placing on the paper, so this is a partially wet cyanotype process \u2014 this yields the greenish hues seen above \u2014 and a longer exposure would have revealed more details of the veins in the leaf.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I wrote this post while I was experimenting with cyanotype as a way to get people to look more closely at plants. I updated it several times, with the final revision on 21 August 2025. (Updates: 30 May; 12 July 2025; 17 July; 20 July 2025. Final revision, 21 August 2025.) Cyanotype books Many of &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/2024\/07\/cyanotype-notes-to-myself\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Cyanotype&#8230;notes to myself&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53,430],"tags":[1110,1112,129],"class_list":["post-11602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-art-and-religion","category-ecojustice","tag-botany","tag-cyanotype","tag-diy-chronicles"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11602","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11602"}],"version-history":[{"count":23,"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11602\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12367,"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11602\/revisions\/12367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11602"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11602"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.danielharper.org\/yauu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11602"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}